{"id":8135,"date":"2023-05-03T08:01:00","date_gmt":"2023-05-03T06:01:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pans.krosno.pl\/biblioteka\/?p=8135"},"modified":"2023-04-29T12:29:59","modified_gmt":"2023-04-29T10:29:59","slug":"kartka-z-kalendarza-951","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/pans.krosno.pl\/biblioteka\/kartka-z-kalendarza-951\/","title":{"rendered":"Kartka z kalendarza"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><strong>232 rocznica<\/strong> uchwalenia <strong>Konstytucji 3 Maja<\/strong> <\/strong>&#8211; pierwszej w Europie i drugiej na \u015bwiecie\u00a0po\u00a0konstytucji ameryka\u0144skiej\u00a0z 1787 r. Autorami  Konstytucji 3 Maja byli :  kr\u00f3l Stanis\u0142aw August Poniatowski,  Ignacy Potocki &#8211; marsza\u0142ek wielki litewski, Hugo Ko\u0142\u0142\u0105taj, Stanis\u0142aw Ma\u0142achowski &#8211; marsza\u0142ek sejmowy. Konstytucja 3 Maja wprowadzi\u0142a liczne zmiany w prawie. Najwa\u017cniejsze z nich to tr\u00f3jpodzia\u0142 w\u0142adzy na ustawodawcz\u0105, wykonawcz\u0105 i s\u0105downicz\u0105.  Ogranicza\u0142a immunitety prawne oraz przywileje szlachty zagrodowej tzw. go\u0142oty. Celem tych ogranicze\u0144 by\u0142o zapobie\u017cenie mo\u017cliwo\u015bci przekupstwa biednego szlachcica przez agent\u00f3w obcych pa\u0144stw. Potwierdzi\u0142a przywileje mieszcza\u0144skie nadane w akcie prawnym z kwietnia 1791 roku. Wed\u0142ug tego aktu mieszczanie mieli prawo do bezpiecze\u0144stwa osobistego, posiadania maj\u0105tk\u00f3w ziemskich, prawo zajmowania stanowisk oficerskich i stanowisk w administracji publicznej a tak\u017ce prawo do nabywania szlachectwa. Miasta mia\u0142y prawo do wysy\u0142ania na Sejm dwudziestu czterech plenipotent\u00f3w jako swoich przedstawicieli, kt\u00f3rzy mieli g\u0142os w sprawach dotycz\u0105cych miast. Konstytucja formalnie znios\u0142a\u00a0<em>liberum veto<\/em>, konfederacje, sejm skonfederowany oraz ogranicza\u0142a prawa sejmik\u00f3w ziemskich. Zosta\u0142a zniesiona r\u00f3wnie\u017c wolna elekcja. Zast\u0105pi\u0142a j\u0105 w\u0142adza dziedziczna, kt\u00f3r\u0105 po \u015bmierci kr\u00f3la Stanis\u0142awa Augusta Poniatowskiego mia\u0142 przej\u0105\u0107 w\u0142adca z dynastii Wettyn\u00f3w. \u00a0Wprowadzono sta\u0142\u0105 armi\u0119, kt\u00f3rej liczebno\u015b\u0107 mia\u0142a si\u0119ga\u0107 100 tys. \u017co\u0142nierzy. Ustanowiono podatki w wysoko\u015bci 10% dla szlachty i 20% dla duchowie\u0144stwa za\u015b go\u0142ota, mieszczanie i ch\u0142opi byli zwolnieni z ich p\u0142acenia. \u015awi\u0119to Konstytucji 3 Maja obchodzono do ostatniego rozbioru. \u015awi\u0119towanie 3 Maja by\u0142o zakazane we wszystkich zaborach, dopiero po I wojnie \u015bwiatowej zosta\u0142o wznowione. Jan Matejko\u00a0uwieczni\u0142 moment podpisania konstytucji na jednym ze swoich ostatnich obraz\u00f3w zatytu\u0142owanym \u2013\u00a0<em>Konstytucja 3 Maja 1791 roku<\/em>.\u00a0W 1990 roku  Sejm oficjalnie ustanowi\u0142 3 Maja \u015awi\u0119tem Narodowym.<br><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>232 rocznica uchwalenia Konstytucji 3 Maja &#8211; pierwszej w Europie i drugiej na \u015bwiecie\u00a0po\u00a0konstytucji ameryka\u0144skiej\u00a0z 1787 r. Autorami Konstytucji 3 Maja byli : kr\u00f3l Stanis\u0142aw August Poniatowski, Ignacy Potocki &#8211; marsza\u0142ek wielki litewski, Hugo Ko\u0142\u0142\u0105taj, Stanis\u0142aw Ma\u0142achowski &#8211; marsza\u0142ek sejmowy. Konstytucja 3 Maja wprowadzi\u0142a liczne zmiany w prawie. Najwa\u017cniejsze z [\u2026] <\/p>\n<div class=\"clear\"><\/div>\n<p><a class=\"more_link clearfix\" href=\"https:\/\/pans.krosno.pl\/biblioteka\/kartka-z-kalendarza-951\/\" rel=\"nofollow\">Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":77,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8135","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-kalendarium"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.2 (Yoast SEO v28.2) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Kartka z kalendarza - Biblioteka PANS w Kro\u015bnie<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/pans.krosno.pl\/biblioteka\/kartka-z-kalendarza-951\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pl_PL\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Kartka z kalendarza\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"232 rocznica uchwalenia Konstytucji 3 Maja &#8211; pierwszej w Europie i drugiej na \u015bwiecie\u00a0po\u00a0konstytucji ameryka\u0144skiej\u00a0z 1787 r. Autorami Konstytucji 3 Maja byli : kr\u00f3l Stanis\u0142aw August Poniatowski, Ignacy Potocki &#8211; marsza\u0142ek wielki litewski, Hugo Ko\u0142\u0142\u0105taj, Stanis\u0142aw Ma\u0142achowski &#8211; marsza\u0142ek sejmowy. Konstytucja 3 Maja wprowadzi\u0142a liczne zmiany w prawie. 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